It is difficult to place an exact figure on the number of residential schools to which Aboriginal people have sent in Canada. While religious orders had been operating such schools before Confederation in 1867, it was not the 1880s that the federal government fully embraced the residential school model for Aboriginal education. While the government began to close the schools in the 1970s, the last school remained in operation until 1996.
For purposes of providing compensation to former students the Indian Residential School Settlement Agreement has identified 139 residential schools. (Despite the fact that the agreement is titled the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement, the lives of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit people were all touched by these schools.)
This does not represent the full number of residential schools that operated in Canada. In particular, it excludes any school that operated without federal government support. There were residential schools that were run solely religious orders or provincial governments (or in some partnership between the two.) Furthermore, many of the concerns that have been raised about residential schools in terms of the treatment of students have also been raised about day schools that were operated for Aboriginal students with the support of the federal and provincial governments as well as by religious organizations.
Under the terms of the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement students from the following schools are eligible to apply for compensation. There is an appeals process and schools can be added to list. Information on schools added at the list can be found at Indian and Northern Affairs Canada: Aboriginal Schools:
Frequently Asked Questions. This
map, prepared by
Indian and Northern Affairs Canada, indicates the location of residential schools identified by the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement.
Many of the schools underwent a number of name changes and were also relocated or amalgamated. The following is a listing of the schools in the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement along with the names of schools that have been subsequently identified as meeting the criteria established in the agreement. The words in brackets represent alternate names of the schools. The locations for the schools have been taken from the compensation program applications form.
|
School names
|
Location
|
|
Alberta
Residential Schools
|
|
|
Assumption (Hay
Lakes)
|
Assumption
|
|
Blue Quills (Saddle
Lake, Sacred Heart,
formerly Lac la Biche)
|
St. Paul
|
|
Crowfoot
(St. Joseph's, St.
Trinité)
|
Cluny
|
|
Desmarais (Wabisca
Lake, St. Martins,
Wabisca Roman Catholic)
|
Desmarais-Wabasca
|
|
Edmonton
(Poundmaker, formerly Red Deer Industrial)
|
St. Albert
|
|
Ermineskin
|
Hobbema
|
|
Fort
Vermilion (St. Henry's)
|
Fort
Vermillion
|
|
Grouard
(St. Bernard's, Lesser Slave
Lake Roman Catholic)
|
Grouard
|
|
Holy Angels (Fort
Chipewyan, École des
Saints-Anges)
|
Fort
Chipewyan
|
|
Joussard IRS (St. Bruno's)
|
Joussard
|
|
Lac la Biche (Notre Dame des Victoire,
predecessor to Blue Quills)
|
Lac La Biche
|
|
Lesser Slave
Lake (St. Peter's)
|
Lesser Slave
Lake
|
|
Morley (Stony)
|
Morley
|
|
Old Sun
|
Gleichen
|
|
Sacred Heart (Brocket)
|
Brocket
|
|
St. Albert
(Youville)
|
Youville
|
|
St. Augustine
(Smoky River)
|
Smoky River
|
|
St. Cyprian’s (Queen Victoria’s Jubilee Home, Peigan)
|
Brocket
|
|
St. Joseph's
Residential School (High River, Dunbow)
|
High
River
|
|
St. Mary's (Blood, Immaculate
Conception)
|
Cardston
|
|
St. Paul's
(Blood, Anglican/Church of
England)
|
Cardston
|
|
Sarcee (St. Barnabas)
|
T’suu Tina
|
|
Sturgeon Lake (Calais, St. Francis Xavier)
|
Calais
|
|
Wabasca Anglican/Church of
England
(St. John's)
|
Wabasca
|
|
Whitefish
Lake (St. Andrew's)
|
Whitefish
Lake
|
|
|
|
|
British Columbia
Residential Schools
|
|
|
Ahousat
|
Ahousat
|
|
Alberni IRS
|
Port Alberni
|
|
Anahim
Lake
Dormitory (September
1968 to June 1977)
|
Anahim
Lake
|
|
Cariboo (St.
Joseph's, William's
Lake)
|
Williams
Lake
|
|
Christie (Clayquot, Kakawis)
|
Tofino
|
|
Coqualeetza
|
Chilliwack/Sardis
|
|
Cranbrook
(St. Eugene's, Kootenay)
|
Cranbrook
|
|
Kamloops
|
Kamloops
|
|
Kitimaat
|
Kitimaat
|
|
Kuper
Island
|
Kuper
Island
|
|
Lejac (Fraser
Lake)
|
Fraser
Lake
|
|
Lower Post
|
Lower Post
|
|
Port Simpson (Crosby Home for Girls)
|
Port Simpson
|
|
St. George's
(Lytton)
|
Lytton
|
|
St. Mary's (Mission)
|
Mission
|
|
St. Michael's (Alert
Bay Girls' Home, Alert Bay
Boys' Home)
|
Alert
Bay
|
|
St. Paul's
IRS (Squamish, North Vancouver)
|
North Vancouver
|
|
Sechelt Residential School
|
Sechelt
|
|
|
|
|
Manitoba Residential Schools
|
|
|
Assiniboia (Winnipeg)
|
Winnipeg
|
|
Birtle
|
Birtle
|
|
Brandon
|
Brandon
|
|
Churchill Vocational Centre
|
Churchill
|
|
Cross Lake (St.
Joseph's, Jack River Annex –
predecessor to Notre Dame Hostel)
|
Cross Lake
|
|
Dauphin (McKay)
|
The Pas/Dauphin
|
|
Elkhorn
(Washakada)
|
Elkhorn
|
|
Fort Alexander (Pine Falls)
|
Fort
Alexander
|
|
Guy (Guy Hill,
Clearwater, The Pas, formerly
Sturgeon Landing, SK)
|
The Pas
|
|
McKay (The Pas, replaced by Dauphin)
|
The Pas
|
|
Norway
House United Church
|
Norway
House
|
|
Notre Dame Hostel (Norway House Roman
Catholic, Jack River Hostel, replaced Jack River Annex at Cross Lake)
|
Norway
House
|
|
Pine Creek (Camperville)
|
Camperville
|
|
Portage
la Prairie
|
Portage
la Prairie
|
|
Sandy
Bay
|
Marius
|
|
|
|
|
Northwest Territories Residential Schools
|
|
|
Akaitcho Hall (Yellowknife
Vocational School)
|
Yellowknife
|
|
Aklavik Roman Catholic (Immaculate
Conception)
|
Aklavik
|
|
Aklavik Anglican (All Saints)
|
Aklavik
|
|
Deh Cho Hall (Lapointe Hall)
|
Fort
Simpson
|
|
Federal Hostel at Fort Franklin
|
Fort
Franklin
|
|
Fort
McPherson (Fleming Hall)
|
Fort
McPherson
|
|
Fort Providence Boarding Home (Sacred
Heart)
|
Fort
Providence
|
|
Fort Resolution Residence (St. Joseph's)
|
Fort
Resolution
|
|
Fort
Simpson Anglican (Bompas
Hall)
|
Fort
Simpson
|
|
Fort Simpson Roman Catholic (Lapointe
Hall)
|
Fort
Simpson
|
|
Fort Smith
(Breynat Hall)
|
Fort Smith
|
|
Fort Smith
(Grandin College)
|
Fort Smith
|
|
Hay River
(St. Peter's)
|
Hay River
|
|
Inuvik
Roman Catholic (Grollier Hall)
|
Inuvik
|
|
Inuvik
Anglican Hostel (Stringer Hall)
|
Inuvik
|
|
|
|
|
Nova Scotia
Residential Schools
|
|
|
Shubenacadie
|
Shubenacadie
|
|
|
|
|
Nunavut
Residential Schools
|
|
|
Chesterfield Inlet (Turquetil Hall)
|
Chesterfield Inlet
|
|
Coppermine
(Tent Hostel)
|
Coppermine
|
|
Federal Hostel at Baker Lake/Qamani'tuaq
|
Qamani'tuaq/ Qamanittuaq
|
|
Federal Hostel at Belcher Islands
|
Sanikiluaq
|
|
Federal Hostel at Broughton
Island/Qikiqtarjuaq
|
Qikiqtarjuaq
|
|
Federal Hostel at Cambridge Bay
|
Cambridge
Bay
|
|
Federal Hostel at Cape Dorset/Kinngait
|
Kinngait
|
|
Federal Hostel at Eskimo Point/Arviat
|
Arviat
|
|
Federal Hostel at
Frobisher Bay
(Ukkivik)
|
Iqaluit
|
|
Federal Hostel at Igloolik/Iglulik
|
Igloolik/Iglulik
|
|
Federal Hostel at Lake Harbour
|
Kimmirut
|
|
Federal Hostel at Pangnirtung (Pangnirtang)
|
Pangnirtung/Panniqtuuq
|
|
Federal Hostel at Pond Inlet/Mittimatalik
|
Mittimatalik
|
|
|
|
|
Ontario
Residential Schools
|
|
|
Bishop Horden Hall (Moose Fort, Moose
Factory)
|
Moose
Factory Island
|
|
Cecilia Jeffrey (Kenora, Shoal Lake)
|
Kenora
|
|
Chapleau (St.
John’s)
|
Chapleau
|
|
Fort
Frances (St. Margaret's)
|
Fort
Frances
|
|
Fort William (St.
Joseph's)
|
Fort
William
|
|
McIntosh
|
McIntosh
|
|
Mohawk Institute
|
Brantford
|
|
Mount Elgin
(Muncey, St. Thomas)
|
Munceytown
|
|
Pelican Lake (Pelican
Falls)
|
Sioux Lookout
|
|
Poplar Hill
|
Poplar Hill
|
|
St. Anne's (Fort
Albany)
|
Fort
Albany
|
|
St. Mary's (Kenora, St. Anthony's)
|
Kenora
|
|
Shingwauk
|
Sault Ste. Marie
|
|
Spanish Boys' School (Charles Garnier, St. Joseph's, formerly Wikwemikong
Industrial)
|
Spanish
|
|
Spanish Girls' School (St. Joseph's, St. Peter's, St. Anne's,
formerly Wikwemikong Industrial)
|
Spanish
|
|
|
|
|
Québec Residential
Schools
|
|
|
Amos (St. Marc-de-Figuery)
|
Amos
|
|
Fort
George (St. Phillip's)
|
Fort
George
|
|
Fort George (St. Joseph's
Mission,
Residence Couture, Sainte-Thérèse-de-l’Énfant- Jésus)
|
Fort
George
|
|
Federal Hostel at
George River
|
Kangirsualujjuaq
|
|
Federal Hostel at Great Whale
River (Poste-de-la-Baleine,
Kuujjaraapik)
|
Kuujjuaraapik / Whapmagoostui
|
|
Federal Hostel at Payne Bay
(Bellin)
|
Kangirsuk
|
|
Federal Hostel at Port Harrison (Inoucdjouac,
Innoucdouac)
|
Inukjuak
|
|
La Tuque
|
La Tuque
|
|
Point Bleue
|
Point Bleue
|
|
Sept-Îles (Seven
Islands, Notre Dame,
Maliotenam)
|
Sept-Îles
|
|
|
|
|
Saskatchewan
Residential Schools
|
|
|
Battleford
|
Battleford
|
|
Beauval (Lac la Plonge)
|
Beauval
|
|
Cote
Improved
Federal
Day School, for the
period September 1928 to June 1940
|
Kamsack
|
|
Crowstand
|
Kamsack
|
|
File Hills
|
Balcarres
|
|
Fort
Pelly
|
Fort
Pelly
|
|
Gordon's
|
Gordon’s Reserve, Punnichy
|
|
Lac La Ronge (see
Prince Albert)
|
La Ronge (Later transferred to Prince Albert)
|
|
Lebret (Qu'Appelle, Whitecalf, St. Paul's High School)
|
Lebret
|
|
Marieval (Cowesess, Crooked
Lake)
|
Grayson
|
|
Muscowequan (Lestock, Touchwood)
|
Lestock
|
|
Onion Lake Anglican (see
Prince Albert)
|
Onion
Lake
|
|
Prince Albert
(Onion Lake
Church of
England, St. Alban's, All Saints,
St. Barnabas, Lac La Ronge)
|
Prince Albert
|
|
Regina
|
Regina
|
|
Round Lake
|
Stockholm
|
|
St. Anthony's (Onion
Lake Roman
Catholic)
|
Onion Lake (Later transferred to Prince Albert)
|
|
St. Michael's (Duck
Lake)
|
Duck
Lake
|
|
St. Phillip's
|
Kamsack
|
|
Sturgeon Landing (Predecessor to Guy
Hill, Manitoba)
|
Sturgeon Landing
|
|
Thunderchild (Delmas)
|
Delmas
|
|
|
|
|
Yukon
Residential Schools
|
|
|
Carcross (Chooulta)
|
Carcross
|
|
Coudert Hall (Whitehorse
Hostel/Student Residence – Predecessor to Yukon Hall)
|
Whitehorse
|
|
St. Paul's Hostel (September 1920
to June 1943)
|
Dawson
City
|
|
Shingle Point (Predecessor to All
Saints, Aklavik)
|
Shingle Point
|
|
Whitehorse
Baptist Mission
|
Whitehorse
|
|
Yukon Hall (Whitehorse/Protestant
Hostel)
|
Whitehorse
|
